Heterodox production and cost theory of the business enterprise

Heterodox economists long complained about having no systematic alternative to neoclassical production and cost theory. This paper deals with this complaint. That is, it presents a theory of production and costs of the business enterprise that is a complete alternative to the neoclassical theory of production and costs of the firm.heterodox theory, accounting rules, structure of production and costs, segmented plants, direct costs, shop expenses, enterprise expenses

Social surplus approach and heterodox economics

Given the emphasis on social provisioning in heterodox economics, two of its central theoretical organizing principles are the concepts of the total social product and the social surplus. This appears to link heterodox economics to the social surplus approach associated with the classical economists and currently with Sraffian economists. However, heterodox economics connects agency with the social surplus and the social product, which the Sraffians reject as they take the level and composition of the social product as given. Therefore the different theoretical approach regarding the social surplus taken in heterodox economics may generate a different but similar way of theorizing about a capitalist economy. To explore this difference is the aim of the paper. Thus the paper is divided into four parts and a conclusion. In the first section social provisioning and the social surplus is introduced. In the second section, the Sraffian social surplus approach is delineated while in the third section the heterodox social surplus approach is delineated. In the fourth section of the paper, some of the implications emerging from the differences between the two approaches are discussed. The paper is concluded in the final section.social surplus, social product, social provisioning, agency, Sraffian economics, heterodox economics

Understanding dynamics of pure ring polymer in the melt systems: Molecular Dynamics (MD) Simulations in both 2-Dimension and 3-Dimension

School of Molecular Sciences(Chemical Engineering)The internally closed-loop molecular architecture without chain ends of ring polymers overall makes a significant influence on structural and dynamical properties of ring systems. In particular, ring polymer melts is known to exhibit a collapsed chain structure in the limit of long chain length. This is ascribed to an effective pressure acting on individual ring molecules via intermolecular topological interactions under the unknotted and uncrossability (or nonconcatenation) conditions. In addition, there has been a supposition in the community on the effect of interchain penetration on the rheological behaviors of ring melts. These two factors may play a key role in determining ring polymer rheology. In this study, we investigated a direct correlation between the topological influence leading to a compact structure and dynamics of ring polymers, separately from the interchain penetration effect. To this, we first analyzed the structural and dynamical properties of ring polymer melts in 3-dimensional (3D) space by using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations implemented with an accurate united-atom model and a well-known coarse-grained Kremer-Grest model. These results show the general rheological behaviors of ring polymers in the melt. Second, we conducted 2-dimensional (2D) MD simulations of ring melts to exclude the interchain penetration effect, with all other conditions being preserved similar to the 3D melt systems. The topological effect resulting in a collapsed structure was found to become much more prominent for 2D systems, as compared to 3D systems: Flory???s scaling exponent approaches to 1/2 and 1/3 for 2D and 3D systems, respectively. 2D ring polyethylene melts ranging from C50H100 to C500H1000 of molecular weight have been subjected to extensive atomistic MD simulations while the chain length in the Kremer-Grest 2D systems ranges from 30 beads up to 400 beads. We found that the 2D ring melts display distinctive scaling behaviors in dynamical propertiese.g., the longest relaxation time with and the chain center-of-mass diffusion coefficient with , as compared with the corresponding results and for 3D ring melts which have intermediate length. On the basis of the results of 2D ring systems possessing considerably collapsed structures even at moderate chain lengths, we may further predict the rheological behaviors of 3D ring melts of large chain lengths.ope

Some Aspects of United States-Korean Trade Relations

What follows is a general orientation for lawyers to the most pressing problems affecting United States-Korean trade relations. Most of these problems are not traditionally legal in the narrow sense. Instead, they result from major differences in Korean and American economic and political policies, as well as the even greater cultural and economic differences between the two countries. I have titled what follows an overview - an aerial photograph of the terrain - showing the main features of the geography. These features, however, cannot be presented all at once as in a photograph, but must be presented ad seriatim in writing. I have chosen to proceed in the following order: first, some general remarks on the history of the Korean economy over the past twenty years; second, a contrast of the ways Koreans and Americans do business and practice law; third, a section to describe the predominant features of governmental economic regulations and policies; fourth, a description of differences in Kirean and American economic interests and policies, and the problems for United States-Korean trade which these differing interests and policies generate. The more particular problems affecting only a single industry are beyond the scope of this article. The problems discussed in this article, however, are those which affect all transactions in United States-Korean trade

Information Needs of Korean Immigrants in the United States: Selection and Use of Social Media

This mixed-method study investigates the information needs of Korean immigrants on social media and their selection and use of social media for finding information in the United States. The study was designed to answer six research questions: 1) What are the top types of information needs on social media that Korean immigrants fulfill during their everyday lives in the United States?; 2) What types of social media do Korean immigrants most frequently use during their everyday lives in the United States for different types of information needs?; 3) Are there any relationships between the types of social media Korean immigrants select and demographic factors, Information Communication Technology (ICT) experience level, cultural factors, and information needs?; 4) What factors influence the selection of types of social media among Korean immigrants?; 5) How do Korean immigrants use social media for finding information during their everyday lives in the United States?; 6) What factors influence Korean immigrants’ social media use for information seeking in their everyday lives in the United States? Data collection involved questionnaires, diaries, and interviews with 111 Korean immigrant participants completing questionnaires and 16 selected for diaries and interviews. Quantitative and qualitative methods, including descriptive statistic, Chi-square test of independence, and open coding, were used for analysis. In particular, descriptive analysis was utilized to identify education as the top information need on social media in RQ1. In RQ2, it was observed that Social Network Services (SNS) were most commonly used, while YouTube was popular for education, monitoring, and health information. The researcher investigated the relationship between social media types, demographic factors, ICT experience level, cultural factors, and information needs in RQ3 and revealed that there was a relationship between them by Chi-square test. In RQ4, the researcher identified factors influencing social media selection, such as social network influence, cultural preference, information needs, information quantity, and information format, using open coding. In RQ5, it was found that Korean immigrants primarily employed searching a keyword within a social media or clicking or subscribing to feeds/notifications to gather information. In RQ6, factors affecting social media use, such as algorithms, features, relevance of search results, and speed of information delivery, were identified. The study uncovered information needs among Korean immigrants and shed light on their predominant needs on social media. Moreover, the study presented a theoretical model for Korean immigrants\u27 selection and use of social media platforms. It offered practical recommendations to cater to the information needs of Korean immigrants, such as algorithm optimization, improved search functionality, and language support. The study\u27s limitations were acknowledged, and recommendations for future research were provided

Some Aspects of United States-Korean Trade Relations

What follows is a general orientation for lawyers to the most pressing problems affecting United States-Korean trade relations. Most of these problems are not traditionally legal in the narrow sense. Instead, they result from major differences in Korean and American economic and political policies, as well as the even greater cultural and economic differences between the two countries. I have titled what follows an overview - an aerial photograph of the terrain - showing the main features of the geography. These features, however, cannot be presented all at once as in a photograph, but must be presented ad seriatim in writing. I have chosen to proceed in the following order: first, some general remarks on the history of the Korean economy over the past twenty years; second, a contrast of the ways Koreans and Americans do business and practice law; third, a section to describe the predominant features of governmental economic regulations and policies; fourth, a description of differences in Kirean and American economic interests and policies, and the problems for United States-Korean trade which these differing interests and policies generate. The more particular problems affecting only a single industry are beyond the scope of this article. The problems discussed in this article, however, are those which affect all transactions in United States-Korean trade

Evaluation of online database selection criteria in electronic scholarly online database: a case study of online databases for business disciplinary in UW-Milwaukee

The academic library has been supported students', and faculties' research works by increasing collections and adding online resources or databases. However, a budget of an academic library has struggled with a shortage. There are hundreds of databases globally, and they have a tremendous number of records, but it would be hard to say that those are a proper database for faculty and students. In this environment, providing a suitable database with limited budget restrictions is very important in the academic library. This study aims to analyze online database criteria such as the data elements in bibliographic records and search features of the online database website for finding proper selection criteria by disciplinary. The study will examine traditional factors of online dataset selection such as size, subject coverage, time span, currency, title query test, searching feature of the website, and also data elements in bibliographic records. Those criteria will apply current business online databases in UW-Milwaukee and extract the similarity and differences among databases. As a result, this poster will report on a pilot study to understand which criteria are valuable to use and how academic libraries can apply selection criteria for finding a proper online database by disciplinary

Adoption factors and problems of mobile library services in the academic library for graduate students: case study of University of Wisconsin Milwaukee library

Due to the increase in mobile users, mobile services have penetrated the academic library recently. This study researches what kind of factors and problems affect graduate students using UWM mobile library services. To solve these research questions, a case study is used as a research design for a multi-dimensional and comprehensive approach. Observations, document reviews, and interviews were performed to acquire data. For data analysis, open coding scheme is used for identifying factors and problems in adoption of the mobile library services of UWM. Unlike previous research, this study focuses on graduate students and users' perception and recognition. During the data analysis, this study finds problems of adopting mobile library services and the influence phenomenon of interfering adoption of mobile library services. As a result, a user's perception and recognition about mobile service performance cause the user's emotional decisions, and eventually those emotions become the most significant obstacle to graduate students for adopting mobile library services

Chronic active EBV infection: the experience of the Samsung Medical Center in South Korea

AbstractBackgroundChronic active EBV infection (CAEBV) of T-cell or NK-cell type is an EBV+ polyclonal, oligoclonal or often monoclonal lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) recognized as representing the spectrum of EBV-associated T-cell and NK-cell LPD with different clinical presentations; one systemic and two cutaneous disorders including hydroa vacciniforme-like T-cell LPD and mosquito bite hypersensitivity. The systemic form of the disease is characterized by fever, persistent hepatitis, hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy, which shows varying degrees of clinical severity depending on the immune response of the host and the EBV viral load.Case reportsWe described the clinicopathological findings of two children with CAEBV with a brief review of the literature.ConclusionsRecognition of the disease is important for adequate management of the patient. EBV analysis should be included in the principal diagnostic tests for febrile children